Mango Tree/ Mangifera indica

  

                                    New leaves on a Mango tree are red

                                       Mango /Cashew family -Anacardiaceae

                                        Mango Tree, Mangifera indica, Aam, Ambi, Amri

                                                   Flowering Mango Tree

                                                                 Mango Leaves

                                                                    Mango Leaves

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Mango tree can grow to enormous sizes and individual trees towering 45 m into the sky have been reported. One of the largest in India is in Chandigarh with a massive trunk measuring 9.6 m in circumference and a crown of spreading over 2250 sq m. In an average year, it produces 10,000 to 15,000 fruit, and in a good year, 25,000 mangoes weighing 17 metric tones.

Wild mangoes are reported to live up to 300 years, but cultivated forms no more than 80 years.

Mangifera indica
Common name: Mango
Family: Anacardiaceae
Description: Moderate sized tree, up to 8 m high. Leaves alternate or sub-opposite, simple, exstipulate, lanceolate, undulate, acute or acuminate. Inflorescence a terminal panicle. Flowers polygamous. Fruit a fleshy drupe, orange yellow, heart-shaped.
Flowering and Fruits: Feb. – May.
Native: India

MANGO : Mango tree is small to medium size tree, semi to evergreen. In its wild form and on favorable sites, mango can grow to 35 cm with a massive trunk and a large dome shaped canopy. Cultivated mango tree are much more modest in size, but with long glossy leaves and a semi evergreen habit, make attractive urban tree. Seasons : Leaves : shed mostly in January, renewed in March, new leaves limp, very pale. Mango leaves are produced in 'flushes' on a few branches at a time. A tree is seldom entirely leafless. Young leaves hang limply downwards. In delicate shade of pink or purple, gradually becoming firm and erect, turning deep green with slightly paler underside.

Flowers : 'Baur' first seen in mid-February, reaching a peak in March. Have 4-5  orange streaked yellow petals. The flower open at dusk and emit a strong nutty scent. They are pollinated by flies, beetle and other small insects. Fruits : From May, June, July depending on variety.

Cultivated Mangoes 

The wild mango is small, with fibrous, stringy flesh and the main purpose in creating cultivated varieties was to select for a large, fleshy non fibrous pulp, allied to flavor and to some extend color and aroma. Some authorities think that  the cultivated mangoes originally derived from a hybrid of Mangifera indica.

In south Asia, the cultivation of select varieties of mango has been going on for at least 4000 years. At least 500  named varieties have been described in India, with some 150 cultivators in  the state of Uttar Pradesh alone.

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